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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kyʃtəmø |
Genitive: | kyʃtəmən |
Dative: | kyʃtəməlan |
Accusative: | kyʃtəməm |
Comparative: | kyʃtəməla |
Comitative: | kyʃtəməge |
Inessive: | kyʃtəməʃtø |
Illative: | kyʃtəməʃ(kø) |
Lative: | kyʃtəmeʃ |
1SG: | kyʃtəmem |
2SG: | kyʃtəmet |
3SG: | kyʃtəməʒ(ø) |
1PL: | kyʃtəməna |
2PL: | kyʃtəməda |
3PL: | kyʃtəməʃt |
Plural (1): | kyʃtəmø-βlak |
Plural (2): | kyʃtəmø-ʃamət͡ɕ |
Short Plural: | kyʃtəməla |
Sociative Plural: | kyʃtəməmət |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kyʃtəmem | kyʃtəmø-βlak | kyʃtəmø-βlakem, kyʃtəmem-βlak |
Genitive: | kyʃtəmemən | kyʃtəmø-βlakən | kyʃtəmø-βlakemən, kyʃtəmem-βlakən |
Dative: | kyʃtəmemlan, kyʃtəməlanem | kyʃtəmø-βlaklan | kyʃtəmø-βlakemlan, kyʃtəmem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kyʃtəmeməm | kyʃtəmø-βlakəm | kyʃtəmø-βlakeməm, kyʃtəmem-βlakəm |
Comparative: | kyʃtəmemla, kyʃtəməlam | kyʃtəmø-βlakla | kyʃtəmø-βlakemla, kyʃtəmem-βlakla |
Comitative: | kyʃtəmemge | kyʃtəmø-βlakge | kyʃtəmø-βlakemge, kyʃtəmem-βlakge |
Inessive: | kyʃtəməʃtem | kyʃtəmø-βlakəʃte | kyʃtəmø-βlakəʃtem, kyʃtəmem-βlakəʃte |
Illative: | kyʃtəməʃkem | kyʃtəmø-βlakəʃ(ke) | kyʃtəmø-βlakəʃkem, kyʃtəmem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
Lative: | kyʃtəmeʃem | kyʃtəmø-βlakeʃ | kyʃtəmø-βlakeʃem, kyʃtəmem-βlakeʃ |
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Last update: 10 August 2023 |