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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | lapaʃ |
| Genitive: | lapaʃən |
| Dative: | lapaʃlan |
| Accusative: | lapaʃəm |
| Comparative: | lapaʃla |
| Comitative: | lapaʃge |
| Inessive: | lapaʃte, lapaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | lapaʃke, lapaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | lapaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | lapaʃem |
| 2SG: | lapaʃet |
| 3SG: | lapaʃːe, lapaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | lapaʃna |
| 2PL: | lapaʃda |
| 3PL: | lapaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | lapaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | lapaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | lapaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | lapaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | lapaʃem | lapaʃ-βlak | lapaʃ-βlakem, lapaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | lapaʃemən | lapaʃ-βlakən | lapaʃ-βlakemən, lapaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | lapaʃemlan, lapaʃlanem | lapaʃ-βlaklan | lapaʃ-βlakemlan, lapaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | lapaʃeməm | lapaʃ-βlakəm | lapaʃ-βlakeməm, lapaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | lapaʃemla, lapaʃlam | lapaʃ-βlakla | lapaʃ-βlakemla, lapaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | lapaʃemge | lapaʃ-βlakge | lapaʃ-βlakemge, lapaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | lapaʃtem, lapaʃəʃtem | lapaʃ-βlakəʃte | lapaʃ-βlakəʃtem, lapaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | lapaʃkem, lapaʃəʃkem | lapaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | lapaʃ-βlakəʃkem, lapaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | lapaʃeʃem | lapaʃ-βlakeʃ | lapaʃ-βlakeʃem, lapaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||