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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | lapkašukš |
| Genitive: | lapkašukšə̑n |
| Dative: | lapkašukšlan |
| Accusative: | lapkašukšə̑m |
| Comparative: | lapkašukšla |
| Comitative: | lapkašukšge |
| Inessive: | lapkašukšto, lapkašukšə̑što |
| Illative: | lapkašukško, lapkašukšə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | lapkašukšeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | lapkašukšem |
| 2SG: | lapkašukšet |
| 3SG: | lapkašukššo, lapkašukšə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | lapkašukšna |
| 2PL: | lapkašukšda |
| 3PL: | lapkašukšə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | lapkašukš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | lapkašukš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | lapkašukšla |
| Sociative Plural: | lapkašukšmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | lapkašukšem | lapkašukš-βlak | lapkašukš-βlakem, lapkašukšem-βlak |
| Genitive: | lapkašukšemə̑n | lapkašukš-βlakə̑n | lapkašukš-βlakemə̑n, lapkašukšem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | lapkašukšemlan, lapkašukšlanem | lapkašukš-βlaklan | lapkašukš-βlakemlan, lapkašukšem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | lapkašukšemə̑m | lapkašukš-βlakə̑m | lapkašukš-βlakemə̑m, lapkašukšem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | lapkašukšemla, lapkašukšlam | lapkašukš-βlakla | lapkašukš-βlakemla, lapkašukšem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | lapkašukšemge | lapkašukš-βlakge | lapkašukš-βlakemge, lapkašukšem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | lapkašukštem, lapkašukšə̑štem | lapkašukš-βlakə̑šte | lapkašukš-βlakə̑štem, lapkašukšem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | lapkašukškem, lapkašukšə̑škem | lapkašukš-βlakə̑š(ke) | lapkašukš-βlakə̑škem, lapkašukšem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | lapkašukšešem | lapkašukš-βlakeš | lapkašukš-βlakešem, lapkašukšem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||