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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | lapkaŋdə̑še |
| Genitive: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑n |
| Dative: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑lan |
| Accusative: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑m |
| Comparative: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑la |
| Comitative: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑ge |
| Inessive: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑šte |
| Illative: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | lapkaŋdə̑šeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | lapkaŋdə̑šem |
| 2SG: | lapkaŋdə̑šet |
| 3SG: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑na |
| 2PL: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑da |
| 3PL: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlak |
| Plural (2): | lapkaŋdə̑še-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | lapkaŋdə̑šem | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlak | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakem, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlak |
| Genitive: | lapkaŋdə̑šemə̑n | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakə̑n | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakemə̑n, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | lapkaŋdə̑šemlan, lapkaŋdə̑šə̑lanem | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlaklan | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakemlan, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | lapkaŋdə̑šemə̑m | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakə̑m | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakemə̑m, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | lapkaŋdə̑šemla, lapkaŋdə̑šə̑lam | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakla | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakemla, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | lapkaŋdə̑šemge | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakge | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakemge, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑štem | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakə̑šte | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakə̑štem, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | lapkaŋdə̑šə̑škem | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakə̑š(ke) | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakə̑škem, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | lapkaŋdə̑šešem | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakeš | lapkaŋdə̑še-βlakešem, lapkaŋdə̑šem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||