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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | letopiś |
| Genitive: | letopiśən |
| Dative: | letopiślan |
| Accusative: | letopiśəm |
| Comparative: | letopiśla |
| Comitative: | letopiśge |
| Inessive: | letopiśəʃte |
| Illative: | letopiśəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | letopiśeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | letopiśem |
| 2SG: | letopiśet |
| 3SG: | letopiśʃe |
| 1PL: | letopiśna |
| 2PL: | letopiśda |
| 3PL: | letopiśəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | letopiś-βlak |
| Plural (2): | letopiś-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | letopiśla |
| Sociative Plural: | letopiśmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | letopiśem | letopiś-βlak | letopiś-βlakem, letopiśem-βlak |
| Genitive: | letopiśemən | letopiś-βlakən | letopiś-βlakemən, letopiśem-βlakən |
| Dative: | letopiśemlan, letopiślanem | letopiś-βlaklan | letopiś-βlakemlan, letopiśem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | letopiśeməm | letopiś-βlakəm | letopiś-βlakeməm, letopiśem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | letopiśemla, letopiślam | letopiś-βlakla | letopiś-βlakemla, letopiśem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | letopiśemge | letopiś-βlakge | letopiś-βlakemge, letopiśem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | letopiśəʃtem | letopiś-βlakəʃte | letopiś-βlakəʃtem, letopiśem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | letopiśəʃkem | letopiś-βlakəʃ(ke) | letopiś-βlakəʃkem, letopiśem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | letopiśeʃem | letopiś-βlakeʃ | letopiś-βlakeʃem, letopiśem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||