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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | listok |
| Genitive: | listokə̑n |
| Dative: | listoklan |
| Accusative: | listokə̑m |
| Comparative: | listokla |
| Comitative: | listokge |
| Inessive: | listokə̑što |
| Illative: | listokə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | listokeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | listokem |
| 2SG: | listoket |
| 3SG: | listokšo |
| 1PL: | listokna |
| 2PL: | listokda |
| 3PL: | listokə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | listok-βlak |
| Plural (2): | listok-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | listokla |
| Sociative Plural: | listokmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | listokem | listok-βlak | listok-βlakem, listokem-βlak |
| Genitive: | listokemə̑n | listok-βlakə̑n | listok-βlakemə̑n, listokem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | listokemlan, listoklanem | listok-βlaklan | listok-βlakemlan, listokem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | listokemə̑m | listok-βlakə̑m | listok-βlakemə̑m, listokem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | listokemla, listoklam | listok-βlakla | listok-βlakemla, listokem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | listokemge | listok-βlakge | listok-βlakemge, listokem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | listokə̑štem | listok-βlakə̑šte | listok-βlakə̑štem, listokem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | listokə̑škem | listok-βlakə̑š(ke) | listok-βlakə̑škem, listokem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | listokešem | listok-βlakeš | listok-βlakešem, listokem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||