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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | lopka |
| Genitive: | lopkan |
| Dative: | lopkalan |
| Accusative: | lopkam |
| Comparative: | lopkala |
| Comitative: | lopkage |
| Inessive: | lopkaʃte |
| Illative: | lopkaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | lopkaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | lopkam |
| 2SG: | lopkat |
| 3SG: | lopkaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | lopkana |
| 2PL: | lopkada |
| 3PL: | lopkaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | lopka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | lopka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | lopkala |
| Sociative Plural: | lopkamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | lopkam | lopka-βlak | lopka-βlakem, lopkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | lopkamən | lopka-βlakən | lopka-βlakemən, lopkam-βlakən |
| Dative: | lopkamlan, lopkalanem | lopka-βlaklan | lopka-βlakemlan, lopkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | lopkaməm | lopka-βlakəm | lopka-βlakeməm, lopkam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | lopkamla, lopkalam | lopka-βlakla | lopka-βlakemla, lopkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | lopkamge | lopka-βlakge | lopka-βlakemge, lopkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | lopkaʃtem | lopka-βlakəʃte | lopka-βlakəʃtem, lopkam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | lopkaʃkem | lopka-βlakəʃ(ke) | lopka-βlakəʃkem, lopkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | lopkaʃem | lopka-βlakeʃ | lopka-βlakeʃem, lopkam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||