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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | lopkalək |
| Genitive: | lopkaləkən |
| Dative: | lopkaləklan |
| Accusative: | lopkaləkəm |
| Comparative: | lopkaləkla |
| Comitative: | lopkaləkge |
| Inessive: | lopkaləkəʃte |
| Illative: | lopkaləkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | lopkaləkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | lopkaləkem |
| 2SG: | lopkaləket |
| 3SG: | lopkaləkʃe |
| 1PL: | lopkaləkna |
| 2PL: | lopkaləkda |
| 3PL: | lopkaləkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | lopkalək-βlak |
| Plural (2): | lopkalək-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | lopkaləkla |
| Sociative Plural: | lopkaləkmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | lopkaləkem | lopkalək-βlak | lopkalək-βlakem, lopkaləkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | lopkaləkemən | lopkalək-βlakən | lopkalək-βlakemən, lopkaləkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | lopkaləkemlan, lopkaləklanem | lopkalək-βlaklan | lopkalək-βlakemlan, lopkaləkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | lopkaləkeməm | lopkalək-βlakəm | lopkalək-βlakeməm, lopkaləkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | lopkaləkemla, lopkaləklam | lopkalək-βlakla | lopkalək-βlakemla, lopkaləkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | lopkaləkemge | lopkalək-βlakge | lopkalək-βlakemge, lopkaləkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | lopkaləkəʃtem | lopkalək-βlakəʃte | lopkalək-βlakəʃtem, lopkaləkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | lopkaləkəʃkem | lopkalək-βlakəʃ(ke) | lopkalək-βlakəʃkem, lopkaləkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | lopkaləkeʃem | lopkalək-βlakeʃ | lopkalək-βlakeʃem, lopkaləkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||