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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | lum |
| Genitive: | lumən |
| Dative: | lumlan |
| Accusative: | luməm |
| Comparative: | lumla |
| Comitative: | lumge |
| Inessive: | luməʃto |
| Illative: | luməʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | lumeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | lumem |
| 2SG: | lumet |
| 3SG: | lumʒo |
| 1PL: | lumna |
| 2PL: | lumda |
| 3PL: | luməʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | lum-βlak |
| Plural (2): | lum-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | lumla |
| Sociative Plural: | lumːət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | lumem | lum-βlak | lum-βlakem, lumem-βlak |
| Genitive: | lumemən | lum-βlakən | lum-βlakemən, lumem-βlakən |
| Dative: | lumemlan, lumlanem | lum-βlaklan | lum-βlakemlan, lumem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | lumeməm | lum-βlakəm | lum-βlakeməm, lumem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | lumemla, lumlam | lum-βlakla | lum-βlakemla, lumem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | lumemge | lum-βlakge | lum-βlakemge, lumem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | luməʃtem | lum-βlakəʃte | lum-βlakəʃtem, lumem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | luməʃkem | lum-βlakəʃ(ke) | lum-βlakəʃkem, lumem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | lumeʃem | lum-βlakeʃ | lum-βlakeʃem, lumem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||