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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | lupo |
| Genitive: | lupən |
| Dative: | lupəlan |
| Accusative: | lupəm |
| Comparative: | lupəla |
| Comitative: | lupəge |
| Inessive: | lupəʃto |
| Illative: | lupəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | lupeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | lupem |
| 2SG: | lupet |
| 3SG: | lupəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | lupəna |
| 2PL: | lupəda |
| 3PL: | lupəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | lupo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | lupo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | lupəla |
| Sociative Plural: | lupəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | lupem | lupo-βlak | lupo-βlakem, lupem-βlak |
| Genitive: | lupemən | lupo-βlakən | lupo-βlakemən, lupem-βlakən |
| Dative: | lupemlan, lupəlanem | lupo-βlaklan | lupo-βlakemlan, lupem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | lupeməm | lupo-βlakəm | lupo-βlakeməm, lupem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | lupemla, lupəlam | lupo-βlakla | lupo-βlakemla, lupem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | lupemge | lupo-βlakge | lupo-βlakemge, lupem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | lupəʃtem | lupo-βlakəʃte | lupo-βlakəʃtem, lupem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | lupəʃkem | lupo-βlakəʃ(ke) | lupo-βlakəʃkem, lupem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | lupeʃem | lupo-βlakeʃ | lupo-βlakeʃem, lupem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||