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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ləʃtaʃjol |
| Genitive: | ləʃtaʃjolən |
| Dative: | ləʃtaʃjolːan |
| Accusative: | ləʃtaʃjoləm |
| Comparative: | ləʃtaʃjolːa |
| Comitative: | ləʃtaʃjolge |
| Inessive: | ləʃtaʃjoləʃto |
| Illative: | ləʃtaʃjoləʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | ləʃtaʃjoleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ləʃtaʃjolem |
| 2SG: | ləʃtaʃjolet |
| 3SG: | ləʃtaʃjolʒo |
| 1PL: | ləʃtaʃjolna |
| 2PL: | ləʃtaʃjolda |
| 3PL: | ləʃtaʃjoləʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ləʃtaʃjol-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ləʃtaʃjol-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ləʃtaʃjolːa |
| Sociative Plural: | ləʃtaʃjolmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ləʃtaʃjolem | ləʃtaʃjol-βlak | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakem, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ləʃtaʃjolemən | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakən | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakemən, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ləʃtaʃjolemlan, ləʃtaʃjolːanem | ləʃtaʃjol-βlaklan | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakemlan, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ləʃtaʃjoleməm | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakəm | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakeməm, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ləʃtaʃjolemla, ləʃtaʃjolːam | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakla | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakemla, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ləʃtaʃjolemge | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakge | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakemge, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ləʃtaʃjoləʃtem | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakəʃte | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakəʃtem, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ləʃtaʃjoləʃkem | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakəʃ(ke) | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakəʃkem, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ləʃtaʃjoleʃem | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakeʃ | ləʃtaʃjol-βlakeʃem, ləʃtaʃjolem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||