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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | l'ap |
| Genitive: | l'apə̑n |
| Dative: | l'aplan |
| Accusative: | l'apə̑m |
| Comparative: | l'apla |
| Comitative: | l'apge |
| Inessive: | l'apə̑šte |
| Illative: | l'apə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | l'apeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | l'apem |
| 2SG: | l'apet |
| 3SG: | l'apše |
| 1PL: | l'apna |
| 2PL: | l'apda |
| 3PL: | l'apə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | l'ap-βlak |
| Plural (2): | l'ap-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | l'apla |
| Sociative Plural: | l'apmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | l'apem | l'ap-βlak | l'ap-βlakem, l'apem-βlak |
| Genitive: | l'apemə̑n | l'ap-βlakə̑n | l'ap-βlakemə̑n, l'apem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | l'apemlan, l'aplanem | l'ap-βlaklan | l'ap-βlakemlan, l'apem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | l'apemə̑m | l'ap-βlakə̑m | l'ap-βlakemə̑m, l'apem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | l'apemla, l'aplam | l'ap-βlakla | l'ap-βlakemla, l'apem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | l'apemge | l'ap-βlakge | l'ap-βlakemge, l'apem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | l'apə̑štem | l'ap-βlakə̑šte | l'ap-βlakə̑štem, l'apem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | l'apə̑škem | l'ap-βlakə̑š(ke) | l'ap-βlakə̑škem, l'apem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | l'apešem | l'ap-βlakeš | l'ap-βlakešem, l'apem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||