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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | nabl'udatel' |
| Genitive: | nabl'udatel'ə̑n |
| Dative: | nabl'udatel'lan |
| Accusative: | nabl'udatel'ə̑m |
| Comparative: | nabl'udatel'la |
| Comitative: | nabl'udatel'ge |
| Inessive: | nabl'udatel'ə̑šte |
| Illative: | nabl'udatel'ə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | nabl'udatel'eš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | nabl'udatel'em |
| 2SG: | nabl'udatel'et |
| 3SG: | nabl'udatel'že |
| 1PL: | nabl'udatel'na |
| 2PL: | nabl'udatel'da |
| 3PL: | nabl'udatel'ə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | nabl'udatel'-βlak |
| Plural (2): | nabl'udatel'-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | nabl'udatel'la |
| Sociative Plural: | nabl'udatel'mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | nabl'udatel'em | nabl'udatel'-βlak | nabl'udatel'-βlakem, nabl'udatel'em-βlak |
| Genitive: | nabl'udatel'emə̑n | nabl'udatel'-βlakə̑n | nabl'udatel'-βlakemə̑n, nabl'udatel'em-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | nabl'udatel'emlan, nabl'udatel'lanem | nabl'udatel'-βlaklan | nabl'udatel'-βlakemlan, nabl'udatel'em-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | nabl'udatel'emə̑m | nabl'udatel'-βlakə̑m | nabl'udatel'-βlakemə̑m, nabl'udatel'em-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | nabl'udatel'emla, nabl'udatel'lam | nabl'udatel'-βlakla | nabl'udatel'-βlakemla, nabl'udatel'em-βlakla |
| Comitative: | nabl'udatel'emge | nabl'udatel'-βlakge | nabl'udatel'-βlakemge, nabl'udatel'em-βlakge |
| Inessive: | nabl'udatel'ə̑štem | nabl'udatel'-βlakə̑šte | nabl'udatel'-βlakə̑štem, nabl'udatel'em-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | nabl'udatel'ə̑škem | nabl'udatel'-βlakə̑š(ke) | nabl'udatel'-βlakə̑škem, nabl'udatel'em-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | nabl'udatel'ešem | nabl'udatel'-βlakeš | nabl'udatel'-βlakešem, nabl'udatel'em-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||