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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | nauko |
| Genitive: | naukən |
| Dative: | naukəlan |
| Accusative: | naukəm |
| Comparative: | naukəla |
| Comitative: | naukəge |
| Inessive: | naukəʃto |
| Illative: | naukəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | naukeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | naukem |
| 2SG: | nauket |
| 3SG: | naukəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | naukəna |
| 2PL: | naukəda |
| 3PL: | naukəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | nauko-βlak |
| Plural (2): | nauko-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | naukəla |
| Sociative Plural: | naukəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | naukem | nauko-βlak | nauko-βlakem, naukem-βlak |
| Genitive: | naukemən | nauko-βlakən | nauko-βlakemən, naukem-βlakən |
| Dative: | naukemlan, naukəlanem | nauko-βlaklan | nauko-βlakemlan, naukem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | naukeməm | nauko-βlakəm | nauko-βlakeməm, naukem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | naukemla, naukəlam | nauko-βlakla | nauko-βlakemla, naukem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | naukemge | nauko-βlakge | nauko-βlakemge, naukem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | naukəʃtem | nauko-βlakəʃte | nauko-βlakəʃtem, naukem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | naukəʃkem | nauko-βlakəʃ(ke) | nauko-βlakəʃkem, naukem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | naukeʃem | nauko-βlakeʃ | nauko-βlakeʃem, naukem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||