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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | nužna |
| Genitive: | nužnan |
| Dative: | nužnalan |
| Accusative: | nužnam |
| Comparative: | nužnala |
| Comitative: | nužnage |
| Inessive: | nužnašte |
| Illative: | nužnaš(ke) |
| Lative: | nužnaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | nužnam |
| 2SG: | nužnat |
| 3SG: | nužnaž(e) |
| 1PL: | nužnana |
| 2PL: | nužnada |
| 3PL: | nužnašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | nužna-βlak |
| Plural (2): | nužna-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | nužnala |
| Sociative Plural: | nužnamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | nužnam | nužna-βlak | nužna-βlakem, nužnam-βlak |
| Genitive: | nužnamə̑n | nužna-βlakə̑n | nužna-βlakemə̑n, nužnam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | nužnamlan, nužnalanem | nužna-βlaklan | nužna-βlakemlan, nužnam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | nužnamə̑m | nužna-βlakə̑m | nužna-βlakemə̑m, nužnam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | nužnamla, nužnalam | nužna-βlakla | nužna-βlakemla, nužnam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | nužnamge | nužna-βlakge | nužna-βlakemge, nužnam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | nužnaštem | nužna-βlakə̑šte | nužna-βlakə̑štem, nužnam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | nužnaškem | nužna-βlakə̑š(ke) | nužna-βlakə̑škem, nužnam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | nužnašem | nužna-βlakeš | nužna-βlakešem, nužnam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||