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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | nužnaŋme |
| Genitive: | nužnaŋmə̑n |
| Dative: | nužnaŋmə̑lan |
| Accusative: | nužnaŋmə̑m |
| Comparative: | nužnaŋmə̑la |
| Comitative: | nužnaŋmə̑ge |
| Inessive: | nužnaŋmə̑šte |
| Illative: | nužnaŋmə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | nužnaŋmeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | nužnaŋmem |
| 2SG: | nužnaŋmet |
| 3SG: | nužnaŋmə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | nužnaŋmə̑na |
| 2PL: | nužnaŋmə̑da |
| 3PL: | nužnaŋmə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | nužnaŋme-βlak |
| Plural (2): | nužnaŋme-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | nužnaŋmə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | nužnaŋmə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | nužnaŋmem | nužnaŋme-βlak | nužnaŋme-βlakem, nužnaŋmem-βlak |
| Genitive: | nužnaŋmemə̑n | nužnaŋme-βlakə̑n | nužnaŋme-βlakemə̑n, nužnaŋmem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | nužnaŋmemlan, nužnaŋmə̑lanem | nužnaŋme-βlaklan | nužnaŋme-βlakemlan, nužnaŋmem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | nužnaŋmemə̑m | nužnaŋme-βlakə̑m | nužnaŋme-βlakemə̑m, nužnaŋmem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | nužnaŋmemla, nužnaŋmə̑lam | nužnaŋme-βlakla | nužnaŋme-βlakemla, nužnaŋmem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | nužnaŋmemge | nužnaŋme-βlakge | nužnaŋme-βlakemge, nužnaŋmem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | nužnaŋmə̑štem | nužnaŋme-βlakə̑šte | nužnaŋme-βlakə̑štem, nužnaŋmem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | nužnaŋmə̑škem | nužnaŋme-βlakə̑š(ke) | nužnaŋme-βlakə̑škem, nužnaŋmem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | nužnaŋmešem | nužnaŋme-βlakeš | nužnaŋme-βlakešem, nužnaŋmem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||