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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | nušmaš |
| Genitive: | nušmašə̑n |
| Dative: | nušmašlan |
| Accusative: | nušmašə̑m |
| Comparative: | nušmašla |
| Comitative: | nušmašge |
| Inessive: | nušmašte, nušmašə̑šte |
| Illative: | nušmaške, nušmašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | nušmašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | nušmašem |
| 2SG: | nušmašet |
| 3SG: | nušmašše, nušmašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | nušmašna |
| 2PL: | nušmašda |
| 3PL: | nušmašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | nušmaš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | nušmaš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | nušmašla |
| Sociative Plural: | nušmašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | nušmašem | nušmaš-βlak | nušmaš-βlakem, nušmašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | nušmašemə̑n | nušmaš-βlakə̑n | nušmaš-βlakemə̑n, nušmašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | nušmašemlan, nušmašlanem | nušmaš-βlaklan | nušmaš-βlakemlan, nušmašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | nušmašemə̑m | nušmaš-βlakə̑m | nušmaš-βlakemə̑m, nušmašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | nušmašemla, nušmašlam | nušmaš-βlakla | nušmaš-βlakemla, nušmašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | nušmašemge | nušmaš-βlakge | nušmaš-βlakemge, nušmašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | nušmaštem, nušmašə̑štem | nušmaš-βlakə̑šte | nušmaš-βlakə̑štem, nušmašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | nušmaškem, nušmašə̑škem | nušmaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | nušmaš-βlakə̑škem, nušmašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | nušmašešem | nušmaš-βlakeš | nušmaš-βlakešem, nušmašem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||