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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ńjuton |
| Genitive: | ńjutonə̑n |
| Dative: | ńjutonlan |
| Accusative: | ńjutonə̑m |
| Comparative: | ńjutonla |
| Comitative: | ńjutonge |
| Inessive: | ńjutonə̑što |
| Illative: | ńjutonə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | ńjutoneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ńjutonem |
| 2SG: | ńjutonet |
| 3SG: | ńjutonžo |
| 1PL: | ńjutonna |
| 2PL: | ńjutonda |
| 3PL: | ńjutonə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ńjuton-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ńjuton-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | ńjutonla |
| Sociative Plural: | ńjutonmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ńjutonem | ńjuton-βlak | ńjuton-βlakem, ńjutonem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ńjutonemə̑n | ńjuton-βlakə̑n | ńjuton-βlakemə̑n, ńjutonem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | ńjutonemlan, ńjutonlanem | ńjuton-βlaklan | ńjuton-βlakemlan, ńjutonem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ńjutonemə̑m | ńjuton-βlakə̑m | ńjuton-βlakemə̑m, ńjutonem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | ńjutonemla, ńjutonlam | ńjuton-βlakla | ńjuton-βlakemla, ńjutonem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ńjutonemge | ńjuton-βlakge | ńjuton-βlakemge, ńjutonem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ńjutonə̑štem | ńjuton-βlakə̑šte | ńjuton-βlakə̑štem, ńjutonem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | ńjutonə̑škem | ńjuton-βlakə̑š(ke) | ńjuton-βlakə̑škem, ńjutonem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ńjutonešem | ńjuton-βlakeš | ńjuton-βlakešem, ńjutonem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||