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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃ |
| Genitive: | ont͡ɕalmaʃən |
| Dative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃla |
| Comitative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃge |
| Inessive: | ont͡ɕalmaʃte, ont͡ɕalmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃke, ont͡ɕalmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ont͡ɕalmaʃem |
| 2SG: | ont͡ɕalmaʃet |
| 3SG: | ont͡ɕalmaʃːe, ont͡ɕalmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | ont͡ɕalmaʃna |
| 2PL: | ont͡ɕalmaʃda |
| 3PL: | ont͡ɕalmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ont͡ɕalmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | ont͡ɕalmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃem | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlak | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakem, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ont͡ɕalmaʃemən | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakən | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakemən, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃemlan, ont͡ɕalmaʃlanem | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlaklan | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakemlan, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃeməm | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəm | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakeməm, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃemla, ont͡ɕalmaʃlam | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakla | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakemla, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃemge | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakge | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakemge, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ont͡ɕalmaʃtem, ont͡ɕalmaʃəʃtem | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəʃte | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃkem, ont͡ɕalmaʃəʃkem | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ont͡ɕalmaʃeʃem | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakeʃ | ont͡ɕalmaʃ-βlakeʃem, ont͡ɕalmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||