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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ |
| Genitive: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃən |
| Dative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃlan |
| Accusative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃəm |
| Comparative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃla |
| Comitative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃge |
| Inessive: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃte, ont͡ɕəʃaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃke, ont͡ɕəʃaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃem |
| 2SG: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃet |
| 3SG: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃːe, ont͡ɕəʃaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃna |
| 2PL: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃda |
| 3PL: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃem | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlak | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakem, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃemən | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakən | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakemən, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃemlan, ont͡ɕəʃaʃlanem | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlaklan | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakemlan, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃeməm | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakəm | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakeməm, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃemla, ont͡ɕəʃaʃlam | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakla | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakemla, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃemge | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakge | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakemge, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃtem, ont͡ɕəʃaʃəʃtem | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakəʃte | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakəʃtem, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃkem, ont͡ɕəʃaʃəʃkem | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakəʃkem, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ont͡ɕəʃaʃeʃem | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakeʃ | ont͡ɕəʃaʃ-βlakeʃem, ont͡ɕəʃaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||