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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | orapyj |
| Genitive: | orapyjən |
| Dative: | orapyjlan |
| Accusative: | orapyjəm |
| Comparative: | orapyjla |
| Comitative: | orapyjge |
| Inessive: | orapyjəʃtø |
| Illative: | orapyjəʃ(kø) |
| Lative: | orapyjeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | orapyjem |
| 2SG: | orapyjet |
| 3SG: | orapyjʒø |
| 1PL: | orapyjna |
| 2PL: | orapyjda |
| 3PL: | orapyjəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | orapyj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | orapyj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | orapyjla |
| Sociative Plural: | orapyjmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | orapyjem | orapyj-βlak | orapyj-βlakem, orapyjem-βlak |
| Genitive: | orapyjemən | orapyj-βlakən | orapyj-βlakemən, orapyjem-βlakən |
| Dative: | orapyjemlan, orapyjlanem | orapyj-βlaklan | orapyj-βlakemlan, orapyjem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | orapyjeməm | orapyj-βlakəm | orapyj-βlakeməm, orapyjem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | orapyjemla, orapyjlam | orapyj-βlakla | orapyj-βlakemla, orapyjem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | orapyjemge | orapyj-βlakge | orapyj-βlakemge, orapyjem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | orapyjəʃtem | orapyj-βlakəʃte | orapyj-βlakəʃtem, orapyjem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | orapyjəʃkem | orapyj-βlakəʃ(ke) | orapyj-βlakəʃkem, orapyjem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | orapyjeʃem | orapyj-βlakeʃ | orapyj-βlakeʃem, orapyjem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||