Paradigm Generator
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Paradigm Generator

   ● Nominal ○ Verb ○ Postposition
Orthography: ○ Cyrillic ○ UPA ● IPA

You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.


Case Suffixes

Nominative:otrojeŋ
Genitive:otrojeŋən
Dative:otrojeŋlan
Accusative:otrojeŋəm
Comparative:otrojeŋla
Comitative:otrojeŋge
Inessive:otrojeŋəʃte
Illative:otrojeŋəʃ(ke)
Lative:otrojeŋeʃ

Possessive Suffixes

1SG:otrojeŋem
2SG:otrojeŋet
3SG:otrojeŋʒe
1PL:otrojeŋna
2PL:otrojeŋda
3PL:otrojeŋəʃt

Number Suffixes

Plural (1):otrojeŋ-βlak
Plural (2):otrojeŋ-ʃamət͡ɕ
Short Plural:otrojeŋla
Sociative Plural:otrojeŋmət

Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)

For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.

CaseCx + PxCx + NxCx + Px + Nx
Nominative:otrojeŋemotrojeŋ-βlakotrojeŋ-βlakem,
otrojeŋem-βlak
Genitive:otrojeŋemənotrojeŋ-βlakənotrojeŋ-βlakemən,
otrojeŋem-βlakən
Dative:otrojeŋemlan,
otrojeŋlanem
otrojeŋ-βlaklanotrojeŋ-βlakemlan,
otrojeŋem-βlaklan
Accusative:otrojeŋeməmotrojeŋ-βlakəmotrojeŋ-βlakeməm,
otrojeŋem-βlakəm
Comparative:otrojeŋemla,
otrojeŋlam
otrojeŋ-βlaklaotrojeŋ-βlakemla,
otrojeŋem-βlakla
Comitative:otrojeŋemgeotrojeŋ-βlakgeotrojeŋ-βlakemge,
otrojeŋem-βlakge
Inessive:otrojeŋəʃtemotrojeŋ-βlakəʃteotrojeŋ-βlakəʃtem,
otrojeŋem-βlakəʃte
Illative:otrojeŋəʃkemotrojeŋ-βlakəʃ(ke)otrojeŋ-βlakəʃkem,
otrojeŋem-βlakəʃ(ke)
Lative:otrojeŋeʃemotrojeŋ-βlakeʃotrojeŋ-βlakeʃem,
otrojeŋem-βlakeʃ


Last update: 10 August 2023