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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | oʃ-t͡ɕal |
| Genitive: | oʃ-t͡ɕalən |
| Dative: | oʃ-t͡ɕalːan |
| Accusative: | oʃ-t͡ɕaləm |
| Comparative: | oʃ-t͡ɕalːa |
| Comitative: | oʃ-t͡ɕalge |
| Inessive: | oʃ-t͡ɕaləʃte |
| Illative: | oʃ-t͡ɕaləʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | oʃ-t͡ɕaleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | oʃ-t͡ɕalem |
| 2SG: | oʃ-t͡ɕalet |
| 3SG: | oʃ-t͡ɕalʒe |
| 1PL: | oʃ-t͡ɕalna |
| 2PL: | oʃ-t͡ɕalda |
| 3PL: | oʃ-t͡ɕaləʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlak |
| Plural (2): | oʃ-t͡ɕal-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | oʃ-t͡ɕalːa |
| Sociative Plural: | oʃ-t͡ɕalmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | oʃ-t͡ɕalem | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlak | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakem, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlak |
| Genitive: | oʃ-t͡ɕalemən | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakən | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakemən, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlakən |
| Dative: | oʃ-t͡ɕalemlan, oʃ-t͡ɕalːanem | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlaklan | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakemlan, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | oʃ-t͡ɕaleməm | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakəm | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakeməm, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | oʃ-t͡ɕalemla, oʃ-t͡ɕalːam | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakla | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakemla, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | oʃ-t͡ɕalemge | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakge | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakemge, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | oʃ-t͡ɕaləʃtem | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakəʃte | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakəʃtem, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | oʃ-t͡ɕaləʃkem | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakəʃ(ke) | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakəʃkem, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | oʃ-t͡ɕaleʃem | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakeʃ | oʃ-t͡ɕal-βlakeʃem, oʃ-t͡ɕalem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||