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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | oʃtumna |
| Genitive: | oʃtumnan |
| Dative: | oʃtumnalan |
| Accusative: | oʃtumnam |
| Comparative: | oʃtumnala |
| Comitative: | oʃtumnage |
| Inessive: | oʃtumnaʃte |
| Illative: | oʃtumnaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | oʃtumnaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | oʃtumnam |
| 2SG: | oʃtumnat |
| 3SG: | oʃtumnaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | oʃtumnana |
| 2PL: | oʃtumnada |
| 3PL: | oʃtumnaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | oʃtumna-βlak |
| Plural (2): | oʃtumna-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | oʃtumnala |
| Sociative Plural: | oʃtumnamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | oʃtumnam | oʃtumna-βlak | oʃtumna-βlakem, oʃtumnam-βlak |
| Genitive: | oʃtumnamən | oʃtumna-βlakən | oʃtumna-βlakemən, oʃtumnam-βlakən |
| Dative: | oʃtumnamlan, oʃtumnalanem | oʃtumna-βlaklan | oʃtumna-βlakemlan, oʃtumnam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | oʃtumnaməm | oʃtumna-βlakəm | oʃtumna-βlakeməm, oʃtumnam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | oʃtumnamla, oʃtumnalam | oʃtumna-βlakla | oʃtumna-βlakemla, oʃtumnam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | oʃtumnamge | oʃtumna-βlakge | oʃtumna-βlakemge, oʃtumnam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | oʃtumnaʃtem | oʃtumna-βlakəʃte | oʃtumna-βlakəʃtem, oʃtumnam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | oʃtumnaʃkem | oʃtumna-βlakəʃ(ke) | oʃtumna-βlakəʃkem, oʃtumnam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | oʃtumnaʃem | oʃtumna-βlakeʃ | oʃtumna-βlakeʃem, oʃtumnam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||