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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | oʃkəl |
| Genitive: | oʃkələn |
| Dative: | oʃkəlːan |
| Accusative: | oʃkələm |
| Comparative: | oʃkəlːa |
| Comitative: | oʃkəlge |
| Inessive: | oʃkələʃto |
| Illative: | oʃkələʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | oʃkəleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | oʃkəlem |
| 2SG: | oʃkəlet |
| 3SG: | oʃkəlʒo |
| 1PL: | oʃkəlna |
| 2PL: | oʃkəlda |
| 3PL: | oʃkələʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | oʃkəl-βlak |
| Plural (2): | oʃkəl-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | oʃkəlːa |
| Sociative Plural: | oʃkəlmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | oʃkəlem | oʃkəl-βlak | oʃkəl-βlakem, oʃkəlem-βlak |
| Genitive: | oʃkəlemən | oʃkəl-βlakən | oʃkəl-βlakemən, oʃkəlem-βlakən |
| Dative: | oʃkəlemlan, oʃkəlːanem | oʃkəl-βlaklan | oʃkəl-βlakemlan, oʃkəlem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | oʃkəleməm | oʃkəl-βlakəm | oʃkəl-βlakeməm, oʃkəlem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | oʃkəlemla, oʃkəlːam | oʃkəl-βlakla | oʃkəl-βlakemla, oʃkəlem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | oʃkəlemge | oʃkəl-βlakge | oʃkəl-βlakemge, oʃkəlem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | oʃkələʃtem | oʃkəl-βlakəʃte | oʃkəl-βlakəʃtem, oʃkəlem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | oʃkələʃkem | oʃkəl-βlakəʃ(ke) | oʃkəl-βlakəʃkem, oʃkəlem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | oʃkəleʃem | oʃkəl-βlakeʃ | oʃkəl-βlakeʃem, oʃkəlem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||