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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ponaran |
| Genitive: | ponaranə̑n |
| Dative: | ponaranlan |
| Accusative: | ponaranə̑m |
| Comparative: | ponaranla |
| Comitative: | ponarange |
| Inessive: | ponaranə̑šte |
| Illative: | ponaranə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ponaraneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ponaranem |
| 2SG: | ponaranet |
| 3SG: | ponaranže |
| 1PL: | ponaranna |
| 2PL: | ponaranda |
| 3PL: | ponaranə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ponaran-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ponaran-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | ponaranla |
| Sociative Plural: | ponaranmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ponaranem | ponaran-βlak | ponaran-βlakem, ponaranem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ponaranemə̑n | ponaran-βlakə̑n | ponaran-βlakemə̑n, ponaranem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | ponaranemlan, ponaranlanem | ponaran-βlaklan | ponaran-βlakemlan, ponaranem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ponaranemə̑m | ponaran-βlakə̑m | ponaran-βlakemə̑m, ponaranem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | ponaranemla, ponaranlam | ponaran-βlakla | ponaran-βlakemla, ponaranem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ponaranemge | ponaran-βlakge | ponaran-βlakemge, ponaranem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ponaranə̑štem | ponaran-βlakə̑šte | ponaran-βlakə̑štem, ponaranem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | ponaranə̑škem | ponaran-βlakə̑š(ke) | ponaran-βlakə̑škem, ponaranem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ponaranešem | ponaran-βlakeš | ponaran-βlakešem, ponaranem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||