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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | popugaj |
| Genitive: | popugajən |
| Dative: | popugajlan |
| Accusative: | popugajəm |
| Comparative: | popugajla |
| Comitative: | popugajge |
| Inessive: | popugajəʃte |
| Illative: | popugajəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | popugajeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | popugajem |
| 2SG: | popugajet |
| 3SG: | popugajʒe |
| 1PL: | popugajna |
| 2PL: | popugajda |
| 3PL: | popugajəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | popugaj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | popugaj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | popugajla |
| Sociative Plural: | popugajmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | popugajem | popugaj-βlak | popugaj-βlakem, popugajem-βlak |
| Genitive: | popugajemən | popugaj-βlakən | popugaj-βlakemən, popugajem-βlakən |
| Dative: | popugajemlan, popugajlanem | popugaj-βlaklan | popugaj-βlakemlan, popugajem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | popugajeməm | popugaj-βlakəm | popugaj-βlakeməm, popugajem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | popugajemla, popugajlam | popugaj-βlakla | popugaj-βlakemla, popugajem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | popugajemge | popugaj-βlakge | popugaj-βlakemge, popugajem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | popugajəʃtem | popugaj-βlakəʃte | popugaj-βlakəʃtem, popugajem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | popugajəʃkem | popugaj-βlakəʃ(ke) | popugaj-βlakəʃkem, popugajem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | popugajeʃem | popugaj-βlakeʃ | popugaj-βlakeʃem, popugajem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||