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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | poŋga |
| Genitive: | poŋgan |
| Dative: | poŋgalan |
| Accusative: | poŋgam |
| Comparative: | poŋgala |
| Comitative: | poŋgage |
| Inessive: | poŋgaʃte |
| Illative: | poŋgaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | poŋgaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | poŋgam |
| 2SG: | poŋgat |
| 3SG: | poŋgaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | poŋgana |
| 2PL: | poŋgada |
| 3PL: | poŋgaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | poŋga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | poŋga-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | poŋgala |
| Sociative Plural: | poŋgamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | poŋgam | poŋga-βlak | poŋga-βlakem, poŋgam-βlak |
| Genitive: | poŋgamən | poŋga-βlakən | poŋga-βlakemən, poŋgam-βlakən |
| Dative: | poŋgamlan, poŋgalanem | poŋga-βlaklan | poŋga-βlakemlan, poŋgam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | poŋgaməm | poŋga-βlakəm | poŋga-βlakeməm, poŋgam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | poŋgamla, poŋgalam | poŋga-βlakla | poŋga-βlakemla, poŋgam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | poŋgamge | poŋga-βlakge | poŋga-βlakemge, poŋgam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | poŋgaʃtem | poŋga-βlakəʃte | poŋga-βlakəʃtem, poŋgam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | poŋgaʃkem | poŋga-βlakəʃ(ke) | poŋga-βlakəʃkem, poŋgam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | poŋgaʃem | poŋga-βlakeʃ | poŋga-βlakeʃem, poŋgam-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||