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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | pretɲək |
| Genitive: | pretɲəkən |
| Dative: | pretɲəklan |
| Accusative: | pretɲəkəm |
| Comparative: | pretɲəkla |
| Comitative: | pretɲəkge |
| Inessive: | pretɲəkəʃte |
| Illative: | pretɲəkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | pretɲəkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | pretɲəkem |
| 2SG: | pretɲəket |
| 3SG: | pretɲəkʃe |
| 1PL: | pretɲəkna |
| 2PL: | pretɲəkda |
| 3PL: | pretɲəkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | pretɲək-βlak |
| Plural (2): | pretɲək-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | pretɲəkla |
| Sociative Plural: | pretɲəkmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | pretɲəkem | pretɲək-βlak | pretɲək-βlakem, pretɲəkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | pretɲəkemən | pretɲək-βlakən | pretɲək-βlakemən, pretɲəkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | pretɲəkemlan, pretɲəklanem | pretɲək-βlaklan | pretɲək-βlakemlan, pretɲəkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | pretɲəkeməm | pretɲək-βlakəm | pretɲək-βlakeməm, pretɲəkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | pretɲəkemla, pretɲəklam | pretɲək-βlakla | pretɲək-βlakemla, pretɲəkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | pretɲəkemge | pretɲək-βlakge | pretɲək-βlakemge, pretɲəkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | pretɲəkəʃtem | pretɲək-βlakəʃte | pretɲək-βlakəʃtem, pretɲəkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | pretɲəkəʃkem | pretɲək-βlakəʃ(ke) | pretɲək-βlakəʃkem, pretɲəkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | pretɲəkeʃem | pretɲək-βlakeʃ | pretɲək-βlakeʃem, pretɲəkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||