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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | punaltmaš |
Genitive: | punaltmašə̑n |
Dative: | punaltmašlan |
Accusative: | punaltmašə̑m |
Comparative: | punaltmašla |
Comitative: | punaltmašge |
Inessive: | punaltmašte, punaltmašə̑šte |
Illative: | punaltmaške, punaltmašə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | punaltmašeš |
1SG: | punaltmašem |
2SG: | punaltmašet |
3SG: | punaltmašše, punaltmašə̑ž(e) |
1PL: | punaltmašna |
2PL: | punaltmašda |
3PL: | punaltmašə̑št |
Plural (1): | punaltmaš-βlak |
Plural (2): | punaltmaš-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | punaltmašla |
Sociative Plural: | punaltmašmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | punaltmašem | punaltmaš-βlak | punaltmaš-βlakem, punaltmašem-βlak |
Genitive: | punaltmašemə̑n | punaltmaš-βlakə̑n | punaltmaš-βlakemə̑n, punaltmašem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | punaltmašemlan, punaltmašlanem | punaltmaš-βlaklan | punaltmaš-βlakemlan, punaltmašem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | punaltmašemə̑m | punaltmaš-βlakə̑m | punaltmaš-βlakemə̑m, punaltmašem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | punaltmašemla, punaltmašlam | punaltmaš-βlakla | punaltmaš-βlakemla, punaltmašem-βlakla |
Comitative: | punaltmašemge | punaltmaš-βlakge | punaltmaš-βlakemge, punaltmašem-βlakge |
Inessive: | punaltmaštem, punaltmašə̑štem | punaltmaš-βlakə̑šte | punaltmaš-βlakə̑štem, punaltmašem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | punaltmaškem, punaltmašə̑škem | punaltmaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | punaltmaš-βlakə̑škem, punaltmašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | punaltmašešem | punaltmaš-βlakeš | punaltmaš-βlakešem, punaltmašem-βlakeš |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |