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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | punaltmaʃ |
| Genitive: | punaltmaʃən |
| Dative: | punaltmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | punaltmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | punaltmaʃla |
| Comitative: | punaltmaʃge |
| Inessive: | punaltmaʃte, punaltmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | punaltmaʃke, punaltmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | punaltmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | punaltmaʃem |
| 2SG: | punaltmaʃet |
| 3SG: | punaltmaʃːe, punaltmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | punaltmaʃna |
| 2PL: | punaltmaʃda |
| 3PL: | punaltmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | punaltmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | punaltmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | punaltmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | punaltmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | punaltmaʃem | punaltmaʃ-βlak | punaltmaʃ-βlakem, punaltmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | punaltmaʃemən | punaltmaʃ-βlakən | punaltmaʃ-βlakemən, punaltmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | punaltmaʃemlan, punaltmaʃlanem | punaltmaʃ-βlaklan | punaltmaʃ-βlakemlan, punaltmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | punaltmaʃeməm | punaltmaʃ-βlakəm | punaltmaʃ-βlakeməm, punaltmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | punaltmaʃemla, punaltmaʃlam | punaltmaʃ-βlakla | punaltmaʃ-βlakemla, punaltmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | punaltmaʃemge | punaltmaʃ-βlakge | punaltmaʃ-βlakemge, punaltmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | punaltmaʃtem, punaltmaʃəʃtem | punaltmaʃ-βlakəʃte | punaltmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, punaltmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | punaltmaʃkem, punaltmaʃəʃkem | punaltmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | punaltmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, punaltmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | punaltmaʃeʃem | punaltmaʃ-βlakeʃ | punaltmaʃ-βlakeʃem, punaltmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||