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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | puneʃtaltʃe |
| Genitive: | puneʃtaltʃən |
| Dative: | puneʃtaltʃəlan |
| Accusative: | puneʃtaltʃəm |
| Comparative: | puneʃtaltʃəla |
| Comitative: | puneʃtaltʃəge |
| Inessive: | puneʃtaltʃəʃte |
| Illative: | puneʃtaltʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | puneʃtaltʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | puneʃtaltʃem |
| 2SG: | puneʃtaltʃet |
| 3SG: | puneʃtaltʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | puneʃtaltʃəna |
| 2PL: | puneʃtaltʃəda |
| 3PL: | puneʃtaltʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | puneʃtaltʃe-βlak |
| Plural (2): | puneʃtaltʃe-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | puneʃtaltʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | puneʃtaltʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | puneʃtaltʃem | puneʃtaltʃe-βlak | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakem, puneʃtaltʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | puneʃtaltʃemən | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakən | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakemən, puneʃtaltʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | puneʃtaltʃemlan, puneʃtaltʃəlanem | puneʃtaltʃe-βlaklan | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakemlan, puneʃtaltʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | puneʃtaltʃeməm | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakəm | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakeməm, puneʃtaltʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | puneʃtaltʃemla, puneʃtaltʃəlam | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakla | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakemla, puneʃtaltʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | puneʃtaltʃemge | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakge | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakemge, puneʃtaltʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | puneʃtaltʃəʃtem | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakəʃte | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakəʃtem, puneʃtaltʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | puneʃtaltʃəʃkem | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakəʃ(ke) | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakəʃkem, puneʃtaltʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | puneʃtaltʃeʃem | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakeʃ | puneʃtaltʃe-βlakeʃem, puneʃtaltʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||