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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | puneʃke |
| Genitive: | puneʃkən |
| Dative: | puneʃkəlan |
| Accusative: | puneʃkəm |
| Comparative: | puneʃkəla |
| Comitative: | puneʃkəge |
| Inessive: | puneʃkəʃte |
| Illative: | puneʃkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | puneʃkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | puneʃkem |
| 2SG: | puneʃket |
| 3SG: | puneʃkəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | puneʃkəna |
| 2PL: | puneʃkəda |
| 3PL: | puneʃkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | puneʃke-βlak |
| Plural (2): | puneʃke-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | puneʃkəla |
| Sociative Plural: | puneʃkəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | puneʃkem | puneʃke-βlak | puneʃke-βlakem, puneʃkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | puneʃkemən | puneʃke-βlakən | puneʃke-βlakemən, puneʃkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | puneʃkemlan, puneʃkəlanem | puneʃke-βlaklan | puneʃke-βlakemlan, puneʃkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | puneʃkeməm | puneʃke-βlakəm | puneʃke-βlakeməm, puneʃkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | puneʃkemla, puneʃkəlam | puneʃke-βlakla | puneʃke-βlakemla, puneʃkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | puneʃkemge | puneʃke-βlakge | puneʃke-βlakemge, puneʃkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | puneʃkəʃtem | puneʃke-βlakəʃte | puneʃke-βlakəʃtem, puneʃkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | puneʃkəʃkem | puneʃke-βlakəʃ(ke) | puneʃke-βlakəʃkem, puneʃkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | puneʃkeʃem | puneʃke-βlakeʃ | puneʃke-βlakeʃem, puneʃkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||