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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | punij |
| Genitive: | punijə̑n |
| Dative: | punijlan |
| Accusative: | punijə̑m |
| Comparative: | punijla |
| Comitative: | punijge |
| Inessive: | punijə̑šte |
| Illative: | punijə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | puniješ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | punijem |
| 2SG: | punijet |
| 3SG: | punijže |
| 1PL: | punijna |
| 2PL: | punijda |
| 3PL: | punijə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | punij-βlak |
| Plural (2): | punij-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | punijla |
| Sociative Plural: | punijmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | punijem | punij-βlak | punij-βlakem, punijem-βlak |
| Genitive: | punijemə̑n | punij-βlakə̑n | punij-βlakemə̑n, punijem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | punijemlan, punijlanem | punij-βlaklan | punij-βlakemlan, punijem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | punijemə̑m | punij-βlakə̑m | punij-βlakemə̑m, punijem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | punijemla, punijlam | punij-βlakla | punij-βlakemla, punijem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | punijemge | punij-βlakge | punij-βlakemge, punijem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | punijə̑štem | punij-βlakə̑šte | punij-βlakə̑štem, punijem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | punijə̑škem | punij-βlakə̑š(ke) | punij-βlakə̑škem, punijem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | puniješem | punij-βlakeš | punij-βlakešem, punijem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||