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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | puɲərmo |
| Genitive: | puɲərmən |
| Dative: | puɲərməlan |
| Accusative: | puɲərməm |
| Comparative: | puɲərməla |
| Comitative: | puɲərməge |
| Inessive: | puɲərməʃto |
| Illative: | puɲərməʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | puɲərmeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | puɲərmem |
| 2SG: | puɲərmet |
| 3SG: | puɲərməʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | puɲərməna |
| 2PL: | puɲərməda |
| 3PL: | puɲərməʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | puɲərmo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | puɲərmo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | puɲərməla |
| Sociative Plural: | puɲərməmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | puɲərmem | puɲərmo-βlak | puɲərmo-βlakem, puɲərmem-βlak |
| Genitive: | puɲərmemən | puɲərmo-βlakən | puɲərmo-βlakemən, puɲərmem-βlakən |
| Dative: | puɲərmemlan, puɲərməlanem | puɲərmo-βlaklan | puɲərmo-βlakemlan, puɲərmem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | puɲərmeməm | puɲərmo-βlakəm | puɲərmo-βlakeməm, puɲərmem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | puɲərmemla, puɲərməlam | puɲərmo-βlakla | puɲərmo-βlakemla, puɲərmem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | puɲərmemge | puɲərmo-βlakge | puɲərmo-βlakemge, puɲərmem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | puɲərməʃtem | puɲərmo-βlakəʃte | puɲərmo-βlakəʃtem, puɲərmem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | puɲərməʃkem | puɲərmo-βlakəʃ(ke) | puɲərmo-βlakəʃkem, puɲərmem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | puɲərmeʃem | puɲərmo-βlakeʃ | puɲərmo-βlakeʃem, puɲərmem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||