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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | rifː |
| Genitive: | rifːən |
| Dative: | rifːlan |
| Accusative: | rifːəm |
| Comparative: | rifːla |
| Comitative: | rifːge |
| Inessive: | rifːəʃte |
| Illative: | rifːəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | rifːeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | rifːem |
| 2SG: | rifːet |
| 3SG: | rifːʃe |
| 1PL: | rifːna |
| 2PL: | rifːda |
| 3PL: | rifːəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | rifː-βlak |
| Plural (2): | rifː-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | rifːla |
| Sociative Plural: | rifːmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | rifːem | rifː-βlak | rifː-βlakem, rifːem-βlak |
| Genitive: | rifːemən | rifː-βlakən | rifː-βlakemən, rifːem-βlakən |
| Dative: | rifːemlan, rifːlanem | rifː-βlaklan | rifː-βlakemlan, rifːem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | rifːeməm | rifː-βlakəm | rifː-βlakeməm, rifːem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | rifːemla, rifːlam | rifː-βlakla | rifː-βlakemla, rifːem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | rifːemge | rifː-βlakge | rifː-βlakemge, rifːem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | rifːəʃtem | rifː-βlakəʃte | rifː-βlakəʃtem, rifːem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | rifːəʃkem | rifː-βlakəʃ(ke) | rifː-βlakəʃkem, rifːem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | rifːeʃem | rifː-βlakeʃ | rifː-βlakeʃem, rifːem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||