Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ruam | om ru |
| 2SG: | ruat | ot ru |
| 3SG: | rueš | ok/ogeš ru |
| 1PL: | ruə̑na | ona/ogə̑na ru |
| 2PL: | ruə̑da | oda/ogə̑da ru |
| 3PL: | ruə̑t | ogə̑t ru |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ruə̑m | šə̑m ru |
| 2SG: | ruə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ru |
| 3SG: | ruo | ə̑š ru |
| 1PL: | runa | ə̑šna ru |
| 2PL: | ruda | ə̑šda ru |
| 3PL: | ruə̑č́ | ə̑št ru |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ruə̑nam | ruə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | ruə̑nat | ruə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | ruə̑n | ruə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | ruə̑nna | ruə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | ruə̑nda | ruə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | ruə̑nə̑t | ruə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ruam ə̑l'e | om ru ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ruat ə̑l'e | ot ru ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | rueš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ru ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ruə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ru ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ruə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ru ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ruə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ru ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ruam ulmaš | om ru ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ruat ulmaš | ot ru ulmaš |
| 3SG: | rueš ulmaš | ok/ogeš ru ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ruə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ru ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ruə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ru ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ruə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t ru ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ruə̑nam ə̑l'e | ruə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | ruə̑nat ə̑l'e | ruə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | ruə̑n ə̑l'e | ruə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | ruə̑nna ə̑l'e | ruə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | ruə̑nda ə̑l'e | ruə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | ruə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | ruə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | ruə̑nam ulmaš | ruə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | ruə̑nat ulmaš | ruə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | ruə̑n ulmaš | ruə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | ruə̑nna ulmaš | ruə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | ruə̑nda ulmaš | ruə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | ruə̑nə̑t ulmaš | ruə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ru | it ru |
| 3SG: | ružo | ə̑nže ru |
| 1PL: | (ruə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na ru) |
| 2PL: | ruza | ida ru |
| 3PL: | rušt | ə̑nə̑št ru |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | runem | ə̑nem ru |
| 2SG: | runet | ə̑net ru |
| 3SG: | runeže | ə̑než ru |
| 1PL: | runena | ə̑nena ru |
| 2PL: | runeda | ə̑neda ru |
| 3PL: | runešt | ə̑nešt ru |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | runem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ru ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | runena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ru ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | runeže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ru ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | runena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ru ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | runeda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ru ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | runešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ru ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | runet ulmaš | ə̑net ru ulmaš |
| 3SG: | runeže ulmaš | ə̑než ru ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | runeda ulmaš | ə̑neda ru ulmaš |
| 3PL: | runešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ru ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ruaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ruman |
| Active participle: | rušo |
| Passive participle: | rumo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | rušaš |
| Negative participle: | rudə̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ruə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | rude |
| Gerund of prior action: | rumek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | rumeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | rušə̑la |
| Nominalization: | rumaš |
| Negative nominalization: | rudə̑maš |
