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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruaš |
| Genitive: | ruašə̑n |
| Dative: | ruašlan |
| Accusative: | ruašə̑m |
| Comparative: | ruašla |
| Comitative: | ruašge |
| Inessive: | ruašte, ruašə̑šte |
| Illative: | ruaške, ruašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ruašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ruašem |
| 2SG: | ruašet |
| 3SG: | ruašše, ruašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | ruašna |
| 2PL: | ruašda |
| 3PL: | ruašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruaš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruaš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | ruašla |
| Sociative Plural: | ruašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ruašem | ruaš-βlak | ruaš-βlakem, ruašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ruašemə̑n | ruaš-βlakə̑n | ruaš-βlakemə̑n, ruašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | ruašemlan, ruašlanem | ruaš-βlaklan | ruaš-βlakemlan, ruašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ruašemə̑m | ruaš-βlakə̑m | ruaš-βlakemə̑m, ruašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | ruašemla, ruašlam | ruaš-βlakla | ruaš-βlakemla, ruašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ruašemge | ruaš-βlakge | ruaš-βlakemge, ruašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ruaštem, ruašə̑štem | ruaš-βlakə̑šte | ruaš-βlakə̑štem, ruašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | ruaškem, ruašə̑škem | ruaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | ruaš-βlakə̑škem, ruašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ruašešem | ruaš-βlakeš | ruaš-βlakešem, ruašem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||