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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruaʃ |
| Genitive: | ruaʃən |
| Dative: | ruaʃlan |
| Accusative: | ruaʃəm |
| Comparative: | ruaʃla |
| Comitative: | ruaʃge |
| Inessive: | ruaʃte, ruaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | ruaʃke, ruaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ruaʃem |
| 2SG: | ruaʃet |
| 3SG: | ruaʃːe, ruaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | ruaʃna |
| 2PL: | ruaʃda |
| 3PL: | ruaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ruaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | ruaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ruaʃem | ruaʃ-βlak | ruaʃ-βlakem, ruaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ruaʃemən | ruaʃ-βlakən | ruaʃ-βlakemən, ruaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ruaʃemlan, ruaʃlanem | ruaʃ-βlaklan | ruaʃ-βlakemlan, ruaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ruaʃeməm | ruaʃ-βlakəm | ruaʃ-βlakeməm, ruaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ruaʃemla, ruaʃlam | ruaʃ-βlakla | ruaʃ-βlakemla, ruaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ruaʃemge | ruaʃ-βlakge | ruaʃ-βlakemge, ruaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ruaʃtem, ruaʃəʃtem | ruaʃ-βlakəʃte | ruaʃ-βlakəʃtem, ruaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ruaʃkem, ruaʃəʃkem | ruaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | ruaʃ-βlakəʃkem, ruaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruaʃeʃem | ruaʃ-βlakeʃ | ruaʃ-βlakeʃem, ruaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||