Paradigm Generator
Determine from input: either provide the indicatative present first person singular (e.g., ыштем 'I do'), the verbal stem (ыште- 'do'), or indicate the conjugation class by placing a number or the the ending of the indicatative present first person singular in parentheses after the word (e.g., ышташ 2, ышташ (-ем) 'to do'). Alternatively, if you do not specify the conjugation class, the software will consult our lexicon.
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudam | om ruda |
| 2SG: | rudat | ot ruda |
| 3SG: | rudaš | ok/ogeš ruda |
| 1PL: | rudaə̑na | ona/ogə̑na ruda |
| 2PL: | rudaə̑da | oda/ogə̑da ruda |
| 3PL: | rudaə̑t | ogə̑t ruda |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudaə̑m | šə̑m ruda |
| 2SG: | rudaə̑č́ | šə̑č́ ruda |
| 3SG: | rudaje | ə̑š ruda |
| 1PL: | rudana | ə̑šna ruda |
| 2PL: | rudada | ə̑šda ruda |
| 3PL: | rudaə̑č́ | ə̑št ruda |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudaə̑nam | rudaə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | rudaə̑nat | rudaə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | rudaə̑n | rudaə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | rudaə̑nna | rudaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | rudaə̑nda | rudaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | rudaə̑nə̑t | rudaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudam ə̑l'e | om ruda ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | rudat ə̑l'e | ot ruda ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | rudaš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš ruda ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | rudaə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na ruda ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | rudaə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da ruda ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | rudaə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t ruda ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudam ulmaš | om ruda ulmaš |
| 2SG: | rudat ulmaš | ot ruda ulmaš |
| 3SG: | rudaš ulmaš | ok/ogeš ruda ulmaš |
| 1PL: | rudaə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na ruda ulmaš |
| 2PL: | rudaə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da ruda ulmaš |
| 3PL: | rudaə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t ruda ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudaə̑nam ə̑l'e | rudaə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | rudaə̑nat ə̑l'e | rudaə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | rudaə̑n ə̑l'e | rudaə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | rudaə̑nna ə̑l'e | rudaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | rudaə̑nda ə̑l'e | rudaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | rudaə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | rudaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudaə̑nam ulmaš | rudaə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | rudaə̑nat ulmaš | rudaə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | rudaə̑n ulmaš | rudaə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | rudaə̑nna ulmaš | rudaə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | rudaə̑nda ulmaš | rudaə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | rudaə̑nə̑t ulmaš | rudaə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ruda | it ruda |
| 3SG: | rudaže | ə̑nže ruda |
| 1PL: | (rudaə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na ruda) |
| 2PL: | rudaza | ida ruda |
| 3PL: | rudašt | ə̑nə̑št ruda |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudanem | ə̑nem ruda |
| 2SG: | rudanet | ə̑net ruda |
| 3SG: | rudaneže | ə̑než ruda |
| 1PL: | rudanena | ə̑nena ruda |
| 2PL: | rudaneda | ə̑neda ruda |
| 3PL: | rudanešt | ə̑nešt ruda |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | rudanem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem ruda ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | rudanena ə̑l'e | ə̑net ruda ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | rudaneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než ruda ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | rudanena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena ruda ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | rudaneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda ruda ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | rudanešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt ruda ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative |
|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | rudanet ulmaš | ə̑net ruda ulmaš |
| 3SG: | rudaneže ulmaš | ə̑než ruda ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | rudaneda ulmaš | ə̑neda ruda ulmaš |
| 3PL: | rudanešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt ruda ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | rudaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | rudaman |
| Active participle: | rudaše |
| Passive participle: | rudame |
| Future-necessitive participle: | rudašaš |
| Negative participle: | rudadə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | rudaə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | rudade |
| Gerund of prior action: | rudamek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | rudameš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | rudašə̑la |
| Nominalization: | rudamaš |
| Negative nominalization: | rudadə̑maš |
