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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruža |
| Genitive: | ružan |
| Dative: | ružalan |
| Accusative: | ružam |
| Comparative: | ružala |
| Comitative: | ružage |
| Inessive: | ružašte |
| Illative: | ružaš(ke) |
| Lative: | ružaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ružam |
| 2SG: | ružat |
| 3SG: | ružaž(e) |
| 1PL: | ružana |
| 2PL: | ružada |
| 3PL: | ružašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruža-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruža-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | ružala |
| Sociative Plural: | ružamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ružam | ruža-βlak | ruža-βlakem, ružam-βlak |
| Genitive: | ružamə̑n | ruža-βlakə̑n | ruža-βlakemə̑n, ružam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | ružamlan, ružalanem | ruža-βlaklan | ruža-βlakemlan, ružam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ružamə̑m | ruža-βlakə̑m | ruža-βlakemə̑m, ružam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | ružamla, ružalam | ruža-βlakla | ruža-βlakemla, ružam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ružamge | ruža-βlakge | ruža-βlakemge, ružam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ružaštem | ruža-βlakə̑šte | ruža-βlakə̑štem, ružam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | ružaškem | ruža-βlakə̑š(ke) | ruža-βlakə̑škem, ružam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ružašem | ruža-βlakeš | ruža-βlakešem, ružam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||