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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruʒa |
| Genitive: | ruʒan |
| Dative: | ruʒalan |
| Accusative: | ruʒam |
| Comparative: | ruʒala |
| Comitative: | ruʒage |
| Inessive: | ruʒaʃte |
| Illative: | ruʒaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruʒaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ruʒam |
| 2SG: | ruʒat |
| 3SG: | ruʒaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | ruʒana |
| 2PL: | ruʒada |
| 3PL: | ruʒaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruʒa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruʒa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ruʒala |
| Sociative Plural: | ruʒamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ruʒam | ruʒa-βlak | ruʒa-βlakem, ruʒam-βlak |
| Genitive: | ruʒamən | ruʒa-βlakən | ruʒa-βlakemən, ruʒam-βlakən |
| Dative: | ruʒamlan, ruʒalanem | ruʒa-βlaklan | ruʒa-βlakemlan, ruʒam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ruʒaməm | ruʒa-βlakəm | ruʒa-βlakeməm, ruʒam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ruʒamla, ruʒalam | ruʒa-βlakla | ruʒa-βlakemla, ruʒam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ruʒamge | ruʒa-βlakge | ruʒa-βlakemge, ruʒam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ruʒaʃtem | ruʒa-βlakəʃte | ruʒa-βlakəʃtem, ruʒam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ruʒaʃkem | ruʒa-βlakəʃ(ke) | ruʒa-βlakəʃkem, ruʒam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruʒaʃem | ruʒa-βlakeʃ | ruʒa-βlakeʃem, ruʒam-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||