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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | rukojatke |
| Genitive: | rukojatkən |
| Dative: | rukojatkəlan |
| Accusative: | rukojatkəm |
| Comparative: | rukojatkəla |
| Comitative: | rukojatkəge |
| Inessive: | rukojatkəʃte |
| Illative: | rukojatkəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | rukojatkeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | rukojatkem |
| 2SG: | rukojatket |
| 3SG: | rukojatkəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | rukojatkəna |
| 2PL: | rukojatkəda |
| 3PL: | rukojatkəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | rukojatke-βlak |
| Plural (2): | rukojatke-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | rukojatkəla |
| Sociative Plural: | rukojatkəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | rukojatkem | rukojatke-βlak | rukojatke-βlakem, rukojatkem-βlak |
| Genitive: | rukojatkemən | rukojatke-βlakən | rukojatke-βlakemən, rukojatkem-βlakən |
| Dative: | rukojatkemlan, rukojatkəlanem | rukojatke-βlaklan | rukojatke-βlakemlan, rukojatkem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | rukojatkeməm | rukojatke-βlakəm | rukojatke-βlakeməm, rukojatkem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | rukojatkemla, rukojatkəlam | rukojatke-βlakla | rukojatke-βlakemla, rukojatkem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | rukojatkemge | rukojatke-βlakge | rukojatke-βlakemge, rukojatkem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | rukojatkəʃtem | rukojatke-βlakəʃte | rukojatke-βlakəʃtem, rukojatkem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | rukojatkəʃkem | rukojatke-βlakəʃ(ke) | rukojatke-βlakəʃkem, rukojatkem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | rukojatkeʃem | rukojatke-βlakeʃ | rukojatke-βlakeʃem, rukojatkem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||