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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruʎ |
| Genitive: | ruʎən |
| Dative: | ruʎlan |
| Accusative: | ruʎəm |
| Comparative: | ruʎla |
| Comitative: | ruʎge |
| Inessive: | ruʎəʃto |
| Illative: | ruʎəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | ruʎeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ruʎem |
| 2SG: | ruʎet |
| 3SG: | ruʎʒo |
| 1PL: | ruʎna |
| 2PL: | ruʎda |
| 3PL: | ruʎəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruʎ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruʎ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ruʎla |
| Sociative Plural: | ruʎmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ruʎem | ruʎ-βlak | ruʎ-βlakem, ruʎem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ruʎemən | ruʎ-βlakən | ruʎ-βlakemən, ruʎem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ruʎemlan, ruʎlanem | ruʎ-βlaklan | ruʎ-βlakemlan, ruʎem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ruʎeməm | ruʎ-βlakəm | ruʎ-βlakeməm, ruʎem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ruʎemla, ruʎlam | ruʎ-βlakla | ruʎ-βlakemla, ruʎem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ruʎemge | ruʎ-βlakge | ruʎ-βlakemge, ruʎem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ruʎəʃtem | ruʎ-βlakəʃte | ruʎ-βlakəʃtem, ruʎem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ruʎəʃkem | ruʎ-βlakəʃ(ke) | ruʎ-βlakəʃkem, ruʎem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruʎeʃem | ruʎ-βlakeʃ | ruʎ-βlakeʃem, ruʎem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||