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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruʃaŋʃe |
| Genitive: | ruʃaŋʃən |
| Dative: | ruʃaŋʃəlan |
| Accusative: | ruʃaŋʃəm |
| Comparative: | ruʃaŋʃəla |
| Comitative: | ruʃaŋʃəge |
| Inessive: | ruʃaŋʃəʃte |
| Illative: | ruʃaŋʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruʃaŋʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ruʃaŋʃem |
| 2SG: | ruʃaŋʃet |
| 3SG: | ruʃaŋʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | ruʃaŋʃəna |
| 2PL: | ruʃaŋʃəda |
| 3PL: | ruʃaŋʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruʃaŋʃe-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruʃaŋʃe-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ruʃaŋʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | ruʃaŋʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ruʃaŋʃem | ruʃaŋʃe-βlak | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakem, ruʃaŋʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ruʃaŋʃemən | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakən | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakemən, ruʃaŋʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ruʃaŋʃemlan, ruʃaŋʃəlanem | ruʃaŋʃe-βlaklan | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakemlan, ruʃaŋʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ruʃaŋʃeməm | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakəm | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakeməm, ruʃaŋʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ruʃaŋʃemla, ruʃaŋʃəlam | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakla | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakemla, ruʃaŋʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ruʃaŋʃemge | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakge | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakemge, ruʃaŋʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ruʃaŋʃəʃtem | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakəʃte | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakəʃtem, ruʃaŋʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ruʃaŋʃəʃkem | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakəʃ(ke) | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakəʃkem, ruʃaŋʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruʃaŋʃeʃem | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakeʃ | ruʃaŋʃe-βlakeʃem, ruʃaŋʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||