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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruškuku |
| Genitive: | ruškukun |
| Dative: | ruškukulan |
| Accusative: | ruškukum |
| Comparative: | ruškukula |
| Comitative: | ruškukuge |
| Inessive: | ruškukušto |
| Illative: | ruškukuš(ko) |
| Lative: | ruškukueš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ruškukuem |
| 2SG: | ruškukuet |
| 3SG: | ruškukuž(o) |
| 1PL: | ruškukuna |
| 2PL: | ruškukuda |
| 3PL: | ruškukušt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruškuku-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruškuku-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | ruškukula |
| Sociative Plural: | ruškukumə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ruškukuem | ruškuku-βlak | ruškuku-βlakem, ruškukuem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ruškukuemə̑n | ruškuku-βlakə̑n | ruškuku-βlakemə̑n, ruškukuem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | ruškukuemlan, ruškukulanem | ruškuku-βlaklan | ruškuku-βlakemlan, ruškukuem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ruškukuemə̑m | ruškuku-βlakə̑m | ruškuku-βlakemə̑m, ruškukuem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | ruškukuemla, ruškukulam | ruškuku-βlakla | ruškuku-βlakemla, ruškukuem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ruškukuemge | ruškuku-βlakge | ruškuku-βlakemge, ruškukuem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ruškukuštem | ruškuku-βlakə̑šte | ruškuku-βlakə̑štem, ruškukuem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | ruškukuškem | ruškuku-βlakə̑š(ke) | ruškuku-βlakə̑škem, ruškukuem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | ruškukuešem | ruškuku-βlakeš | ruškuku-βlakešem, ruškukuem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||