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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | ruʃkuku |
| Genitive: | ruʃkukun |
| Dative: | ruʃkukulan |
| Accusative: | ruʃkukum |
| Comparative: | ruʃkukula |
| Comitative: | ruʃkukuge |
| Inessive: | ruʃkukuʃto |
| Illative: | ruʃkukuʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | ruʃkukueʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | ruʃkukuem |
| 2SG: | ruʃkukuet |
| 3SG: | ruʃkukuʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | ruʃkukuna |
| 2PL: | ruʃkukuda |
| 3PL: | ruʃkukuʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | ruʃkuku-βlak |
| Plural (2): | ruʃkuku-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | ruʃkukula |
| Sociative Plural: | ruʃkukumət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | ruʃkukuem | ruʃkuku-βlak | ruʃkuku-βlakem, ruʃkukuem-βlak |
| Genitive: | ruʃkukuemən | ruʃkuku-βlakən | ruʃkuku-βlakemən, ruʃkukuem-βlakən |
| Dative: | ruʃkukuemlan, ruʃkukulanem | ruʃkuku-βlaklan | ruʃkuku-βlakemlan, ruʃkukuem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | ruʃkukueməm | ruʃkuku-βlakəm | ruʃkuku-βlakeməm, ruʃkukuem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | ruʃkukuemla, ruʃkukulam | ruʃkuku-βlakla | ruʃkuku-βlakemla, ruʃkukuem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | ruʃkukuemge | ruʃkuku-βlakge | ruʃkuku-βlakemge, ruʃkukuem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | ruʃkukuʃtem | ruʃkuku-βlakəʃte | ruʃkuku-βlakəʃtem, ruʃkukuem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | ruʃkukuʃkem | ruʃkuku-βlakəʃ(ke) | ruʃkuku-βlakəʃkem, ruʃkukuem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | ruʃkukueʃem | ruʃkuku-βlakeʃ | ruʃkuku-βlakeʃem, ruʃkukuem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||