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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sanda |
| Genitive: | sandan |
| Dative: | sandalan |
| Accusative: | sandam |
| Comparative: | sandala |
| Comitative: | sandage |
| Inessive: | sandaʃte |
| Illative: | sandaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sandaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sandam |
| 2SG: | sandat |
| 3SG: | sandaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | sandana |
| 2PL: | sandada |
| 3PL: | sandaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sanda-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sanda-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | sandala |
| Sociative Plural: | sandamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sandam | sanda-βlak | sanda-βlakem, sandam-βlak |
| Genitive: | sandamən | sanda-βlakən | sanda-βlakemən, sandam-βlakən |
| Dative: | sandamlan, sandalanem | sanda-βlaklan | sanda-βlakemlan, sandam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sandaməm | sanda-βlakəm | sanda-βlakeməm, sandam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | sandamla, sandalam | sanda-βlakla | sanda-βlakemla, sandam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sandamge | sanda-βlakge | sanda-βlakemge, sandam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sandaʃtem | sanda-βlakəʃte | sanda-βlakəʃtem, sandam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | sandaʃkem | sanda-βlakəʃ(ke) | sanda-βlakəʃkem, sandam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sandaʃem | sanda-βlakeʃ | sanda-βlakeʃem, sandam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||