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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sap-sar(e) |
| Genitive: | sap-sar(e)ə̑n |
| Dative: | sap-sar(e)lan |
| Accusative: | sap-sar(e)ə̑m |
| Comparative: | sap-sar(e)la |
| Comitative: | sap-sar(e)ge |
| Inessive: | sap-sar(e)ə̑šte |
| Illative: | sap-sar(e)ə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | sap-sar(e)ješ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sap-sar(e)jem |
| 2SG: | sap-sar(e)jet |
| 3SG: | sap-sar(e)že |
| 1PL: | sap-sar(e)na |
| 2PL: | sap-sar(e)da |
| 3PL: | sap-sar(e)ə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sap-sar(e)-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sap-sar(e)-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | sap-sar(e)la |
| Sociative Plural: | sap-sar(e)mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sap-sar(e)jem | sap-sar(e)-βlak | sap-sar(e)-βlakem, sap-sar(e)jem-βlak |
| Genitive: | sap-sar(e)jemə̑n | sap-sar(e)-βlakə̑n | sap-sar(e)-βlakemə̑n, sap-sar(e)jem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | sap-sar(e)jemlan, sap-sar(e)lanem | sap-sar(e)-βlaklan | sap-sar(e)-βlakemlan, sap-sar(e)jem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sap-sar(e)jemə̑m | sap-sar(e)-βlakə̑m | sap-sar(e)-βlakemə̑m, sap-sar(e)jem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | sap-sar(e)jemla, sap-sar(e)lam | sap-sar(e)-βlakla | sap-sar(e)-βlakemla, sap-sar(e)jem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sap-sar(e)jemge | sap-sar(e)-βlakge | sap-sar(e)-βlakemge, sap-sar(e)jem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sap-sar(e)ə̑štem | sap-sar(e)-βlakə̑šte | sap-sar(e)-βlakə̑štem, sap-sar(e)jem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | sap-sar(e)ə̑škem | sap-sar(e)-βlakə̑š(ke) | sap-sar(e)-βlakə̑škem, sap-sar(e)jem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | sap-sar(e)ješem | sap-sar(e)-βlakeš | sap-sar(e)-βlakešem, sap-sar(e)jem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||