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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | sapan |
| Genitive: | sapanən |
| Dative: | sapanlan |
| Accusative: | sapanəm |
| Comparative: | sapanla |
| Comitative: | sapange |
| Inessive: | sapanəʃte |
| Illative: | sapanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sapaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | sapanem |
| 2SG: | sapanet |
| 3SG: | sapanʒe |
| 1PL: | sapanːa |
| 2PL: | sapanda |
| 3PL: | sapanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | sapan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | sapan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | sapanla |
| Sociative Plural: | sapanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | sapanem | sapan-βlak | sapan-βlakem, sapanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | sapanemən | sapan-βlakən | sapan-βlakemən, sapanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | sapanemlan, sapanlanem | sapan-βlaklan | sapan-βlakemlan, sapanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | sapaneməm | sapan-βlakəm | sapan-βlakeməm, sapanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | sapanemla, sapanlam | sapan-βlakla | sapan-βlakemla, sapanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | sapanemge | sapan-βlakge | sapan-βlakemge, sapanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | sapanəʃtem | sapan-βlakəʃte | sapan-βlakəʃtem, sapanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | sapanəʃkem | sapan-βlakəʃ(ke) | sapan-βlakəʃkem, sapanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | sapaneʃem | sapan-βlakeʃ | sapan-βlakeʃem, sapanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||